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ROCHEM-FM
modules (Flat-Membrane)
have been developed especially
for the separation of bacteria,
viruses and fine solids from water and
wastewater with a high fouling potential.
Most Important the modules exhibit low specific energy consumption
at high and steady-state.
Unique
is the possibility of an optimal adaptation of the free path
feed side cushions) to the individual case. This feature allows
the application in a wide range of solid concentrations,
The
patented concept of a membrane cushion stack with completely
open feed channels ( no spacers or support
plates) in combination with the straight-through feed flow
combines the advantages
of common tube and plate/frame systems.
The vertical placement of the modules in combination with
a feed side air/water flushing allows membrane cleaning and
a stable operation for long periods without use of chemical
cleaning agents.
In addition the wide spectrum of commercially available
flat sheet membranes for Ultra-filtration (UF), microfiltration
(MF) and nanofiltration (NF) allows the optimal selection
of a membrane for each individual application.
Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration are based
on porous membranes.
Particles larger than the pore size of the membranes are rejected.
In practice even smaller particles are rejected because of
the selectivity of the filter cake (gel layer) on the membrane
surface.
A gel layer can not be avoided in dead-end operation and is
observed in most cross flow applications. Ultrafiltration
membranes form an absolute barrier for bacteria and viruses
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